Following on from the story of Omayra Sanchez takes me back to my childhood and my days as a paperboy, every day I used to read the back page totally scanning for news of my beloved Manchester United, however I remember two pieces of news on the front page that stopped me in my tracks the assassination of Robert ‘Bobby’ Kennedy and this one below.
Every picture tells a story, but none like this one. A photograph of a young girl running naked down a road, her skin on fire from napalm, changed the way the world looked at the Vietnam War. The girl in the picture is Kim Phuc.
This photograph of Kim remains one of the most unforgettable images of the Vietnam War and is credited with prompting support for hastening the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam. For the next 20 years the Communist regime in Vietnam used Kim as a national symbol of war in all their propaganda.
If there was one photograph that captured the horrific nature of the Vietnam war, one photograph that tore at our collective conscience, it was the picture of a nine year old girl, running naked down a road, screaming in agony from the jellied gasoline coating her body and burning through skin and muscle down the bone. Her village in the Central Highlands of Vietnam was napalmed that day in 1972, and the little girl took a direct hit. It would take many years, and 17 operations to save her life. And when she finally felt well enough to put it behind her, that very photograph would make her a victim, all over again.
Kim was born in 1963 in the hamlet of Trang Bang, 30 miles north of Saigon. Her full name means "Golden Happiness" in Vietnamese. She remembers happiness despite a childhood of war. On that tragic day in June 1972, the tiny hamlet of Trang Bang was occupied by NLF forces. The South Vietnamese Army's 25th Division was called in and heavy bombing began. At 2pm the South Vietnamese dropped white phosphorous marker bombs. As she ran with the other children, four drums of napalm dropped on the road. Two of her infant brothers were killed instantly.
"I saw the bombs. I saw the fire. There was a terrible heat," Kim remembers. "I tore off my burning clothes. But the burning didn't stop. People poured water over me from their canteens. Then I fainted."
The AP photographer who captured those horrific moments was Nick Ut. He drove her to a hospital. He would never forget that one little girl. He continued to visit her in the hospital, bring her books and gifts and eventually set up a fund for donations to her family.
The photograph he snapped of her agony was instantly transmitted around the world. It would win him a Pulitzer and change both their lives. Kim would spend the next 14 months in the hospital. She was covered with third-degree burns over half her body and was not expected to live. Her pain was almost unbearable. Her surgeon Dr. Mark Gorney of San Francisco volunteered at the Barksy children's plastic surgery hospital in Saigon. When he first saw her, Kim's chin was welded to her chest by scar tissue and her left arm was burnt almost to the bone.
During this period, documentary footage was shot on Kim's recovery. Her mother was by her bedside, helping the little girl through the trauma. Kim said to herself she would become a doctor like the man who saved her. In this film we will attempt to reunite Kim with Dr. Gorney and photographer Nick Ut, both now living in California. After two years of treatments, Kim returned to her village.
In 1982, ten years after the famous photograph, Kim's life changed again. She was in pre-medical studies in Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) when the Vietnamese government contacted her. They had been looking for her for over a year at the request of a Dutch journalist who wanted to "find the girl in the photograph." When his subsequent documentary on her revived her fame, they yanked her out of university - deciding she was too valuable to them and daily supervised her schedule as "national symbol of the war. "Every time she tried to evade the officials, another foreign journalist would track her down and expose her. "It was a nightmare" she says.
In 1985 the foreign press corps flocked to Ho Chi Minh City to cover the tenth anniversary of Vietnam's "Liberation." Kim was again offered up by authorities as one of their main celebrities, and all three main USA networks carried interviews with "the girl in the photograph." Finally, in 1986, the government agreed to let Kim continue her studies, under their supervision - in Cuba. Even there she was "managed" and when an American Peace group invited her to tour the United States in 1989, Vietnamese officials cancelled the trip at the last moment.
An article in the Los Angeles Times written in preparation for the tour revived Kim's fame once more. She received hundreds of letter from American Vietnam veterans "apologising to me." She met her husband there and they decided to marry. Vietnamese officials gave them permission to honeymoon in Moscow. But secretly she was planning their escape...
All these years later, the photograph of the little girl retains its haunting power. To Kim it is "my photograph, of my own war." Yet somehow it belongs to everyone; the one image more than any other that turned public opinion against the war. Now, as Vietnam and the United States finally move toward full diplomatic recognition, this documentary hopefully contributes to a process of healing of this century's longest, most divisive war.
